Brief history of computers

Example of a modern computer
Basic picture of a computer

The history of computers can be traced back to the early civilizations that used counting tools such as the abacus. The first mechanical calculator was invented by Blaise Pascal in the 17th century, which was capable of performing basic mathematical operations. In the 19th century, Charles Babbage designed the Analytical Engine, which was the first programmable machine. However, it was never built due to lack of funding. The first electronic computer, ENIAC, was developed during World War II to help calculate artillery trajectories. It was a massive machine that used vacuum tubes and weighed over 27 tons. In the 1950s, transistors were invented, which made computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. IBM became a dominant player in the industry, and introduced the first computer with a disk drive, the IBM 305 RAMAC, in 1956. In the 1960s and 1970s, mainframe computers were widespread, and minicomputers also started to emerge. The personal computer revolution began in the 1980s with the introduction of the IBM PC, and later Apple’s Macintosh. The Internet was created in the 1990s, and with its proliferation, computers became more powerful and connected. Laptops, smartphones, and tablets have become ubiquitous, and now the world is moving towards the era of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence.

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